What is Metformin Tablets ?
Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs known as biguanides. Metformin is used to help control high blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing the amount of sugar produced by the liver.
Metformin Tablets Uses
- Type 2 Diabetes Management: Metformin is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. It helps control blood sugar levels by reducing the amount of sugar produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Metformin is often prescribed for women with PCOS who have insulin resistance. It can help regulate menstrual cycles, improve insulin sensitivity, and sometimes lead to ovulation.
- Gestational Diabetes: In some cases, metformin may be prescribed to pregnant women with gestational diabetes, a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy.
- Prediabetes: Metformin may be used for individuals with prediabetes (higher than normal blood sugar levels, but not yet at the level of diabetes) to help prevent the progression to full-blown diabetes.
- Weight Management: While not primarily a weight loss medication
Metformin Tablets – Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
- Decreased Hepatic Glucose Production: One of the primary ways metformin works is by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. It does this by inhibiting a process called gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids and glycerol.
- Enhanced Insulin Sensitivity: Metformin improves the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin. This means that the body’s cells become more responsive to the insulin that is already present, allowing them to take up glucose from the bloodstream more effectively.
- Reduced Intestinal Glucose Absorption: Metformin may also slightly decrease the absorption of glucose from the digestive tract, further helping to lower blood sugar levels.
- Effects on Gut Microbiota: Recent research suggests that metformin may have some influence on the gut microbiota, potentially impacting glucose metabolism.
Metformin Tablets – Side-effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Stomach upset or discomfort
