What is Pioglitazone and Metformin ?
Pioglitazone:
- Pioglitazone belongs to a class of drugs called thiazolidinediones, often referred to as “glitazones.”
- It works by increasing the sensitivity of the body’s cells to insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels.
Metformin:
- Metformin is a member of the biguanide class of medications.
- It primarily works by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin.
Pioglitazone and Metformin Use
Benefits:
- Lowers blood sugar levels.
- Improves insulin sensitivity.
- May help with weight loss or prevent weight gain.
- May have positive effects on cholesterol levels.
- Lowers blood sugar levels.
- Can improve insulin resistance.
- May have positive effects on cholesterol levels.
Pioglitazone and Metformin – Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action:
- Pioglitazone is a member of the thiazolidinedione class of drugs.
- It primarily acts on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), a nuclear receptor found in fat, muscle, and liver cells.
- When activated, PPAR-γ increases insulin sensitivity in these tissues. This means that the cells respond better to insulin’s signal to take up glucose, leading to improved blood sugar control.
- Metformin is classified as a biguanide.
- Its primary mechanism of action involves suppressing glucose production in the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis) and increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, such as muscle.
- Metformin also has some effects on the intestines, slowing the absorption of glucose.
Pioglitazone and Metformin – Side-effect
- Weight Gain: Some people may experience weight gain while taking pioglitazone.
- Fluid Retention: This can lead to swelling (edema) in the legs, ankles, and feet.
