What Furosemide Injection ?
Furosemide is a medication used to treat fluid retention (edema) in the body caused by various conditions like heart failure, kidney disease, or liver disease. It belongs to a class of drugs known as diuretics, which work by increasing urine production, thereby helping the body get rid of excess salt and water.
Furosemide Injection Uses
- Acute Pulmonary Edema:
- Furosemide injection is commonly used in emergency situations to treat acute pulmonary edema, which is a sudden build-up of fluid in the lungs. This can occur in conditions like heart failure, where the heart is unable to pump effectively.
- Congestive Heart Failure:
- For patients with congestive heart failure, especially when there is significant fluid overload, Furosemide injection can help relieve symptoms like swelling in the legs and shortness of breath.
- Kidney Dysfunction:
- Furosemide is often used to manage edema associated with kidney diseases or kidney dysfunction. It helps the kidneys eliminate excess salt and water.
- Liver Disease:
- Individuals with advanced liver disease, such as cirrhosis, can develop ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity). Furosemide injection may be used to alleviate this condition.
Furosemide Injection – Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
Inhibition of Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Transporter (NKCC2):
- Furosemide primarily acts on a specific part of the kidney called the ascending loop of Henle. Here, it inhibits the activity of a transporter known as the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter (NKCC2).
Loss of Water and Electrolytes:
- Due to the inhibition of NKCC2, more sodium, potassium, and chloride remain in the urine. Water follows these ions, leading to increased urine volume. This process is known as osmotic diuresis.
Furosemide Injection – Side Effect
- Increased Urination:
- Furosemide is a diuretic, which means it increases urine production. This is the desired effect of the medication.
- Electrolyte Imbalances:
- Furosemide can lead to the loss of important electrolytes like potassium, sodium, and magnesium. This may require monitoring and supplementation.
- Dehydration:
- Excessive diuresis can lead to dehydration, especially in cases where fluid intake is not sufficient.
