What is Cyclophosphamide Injection ?
Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy medication available in injectable form and is used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including lymphoma, leukemia, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and multiple myeloma. It is also used in certain autoimmune disorders as an immunosuppressive agent.
Cyclophosphamide Injection Uses
- Lymphoma: Cyclophosphamide is used in the treatment of various types of lymphomas, including Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.
- Leukemia: It is used in the treatment of leukemia, particularly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
- Breast Cancer: Cyclophosphamide is used as part of combination chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of breast cancer.
- Ovarian Cancer: It is used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, often in combination with other chemotherapy drugs.
- Multiple Myeloma: Cyclophosphamide is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
- Autoimmune Disorders: In certain autoimmune disorders, cyclophosphamide is used to suppress the immune system and reduce the immune response.
Cyclophosphamide Injection – Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that interferes with the DNA in cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. It forms covalent bonds with DNA molecules, leading to DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA synthesis. This disruption of DNA structure ultimately inhibits the growth and reproduction of cancer cells.
Cyclophosphamide is considered a prodrug, meaning it requires metabolic activation in the body to become active. It is metabolized in the liver to produce its active form, phosphoramide mustard, which is responsible for its anticancer effects.
Cyclophosphamide Injection – Side-effects
- Nausea and Vomiting: Nausea and vomiting are common side effects and may occur during treatment.
- Hair Loss: Cyclophosphamide can cause hair loss, although it is typically less severe than with some other chemotherapy drugs.
- Infertility: Cyclophosphamide can affect fertility, particularly in males, and may cause temporary or permanent infertility.
